Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV)
Author: Tianjiang Talk
Source: Feng Songjiang et al. (2021) "Analysis of Indian Space Power Development and Strategic Priorities" (in Chinese)
Site: https://cislunarspace.cn
Definition
The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) is a large launch vehicle developed by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), achieving its first successful flight in 1994. The PSLV is one of India's most widely used launch vehicles, featuring multi-satellite launch capability. It can place satellites into low Earth orbit (LEO), polar orbit, geostationary transfer orbit (GTO), and lunar orbit.
Technical Specifications
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| LEO Payload Capacity | ~3,500 kg (400 km altitude) |
| Sun-Synchronous Orbit Capacity | ~1,700 kg |
| GTO Capacity | ~1,420 kg |
| Lunar Orbit Capacity | ~590 kg |
| First Launch | 1994 |
Launch Capabilities
The PSLV is renowned for its reliability and has completed numerous launch missions to date:
- LEO launches: Capable of delivering approximately 3,500 kg payloads to low Earth orbit at ~400 km altitude
- Polar orbit launches: Suitable for sun-synchronous orbit missions
- Multi-satellite launches: In 2017, India achieved a "104 satellites in a single launch" record using the PSLV, setting a world record at the time
- Deep space exploration: Capable of launching probes into lunar orbit